Diffusing



(No Model.) 5 Sheet sShe et 1.

I R-. M. SANDYS. DIFFUSING, DEFEGATING, AND OIRGULATING APPARATUS.

No. 306,865. @atented Oct.'21, 1884 INVENTOR Qm/JM ATTORNEYS.

WITNESSES m N. PETERS. Phexo-Llmu n hur, Wnxhlngion. D. c.

5 Sh'eets-Sheet 2.

I av uwum \NU ATTORNEYS.

(No Model.)

B. M. SANDYS. DIPPUSING, DEFEGATING, AND GIRGULATING APPARATUS.- No. 306,865.

WiTNBSSES N. PETERS. Phom-mhu n her. Washington. D. C.

(No Model.) A 5 Shets-Sheet 3.

R. M. SANDYS. DIFFUSING, DEPEGATING- AND GIRCULATIITG APPARATUS. No. 306,865. PatentedOct. 2.1, 1884.

I III HI HH 1 IIIIIII l rrr' (No Model.) 5 SheetSSheet 4.

R. M. SANDYS.

DIFFUSING, DEFEGATING, AND GIROULATING APPARATUS.

No. 306 865. Patented 001;. 21, 1884.

IN VENTOR WITNESSES: W Z

ATTORNEYS. A A

N. PETERS Pnumumn m mn Wzshmglon. D.C

(No Model.) 5 sheets-sheet 5 R. M. ANDYS. DIFFUSING, DEPEGATING, AND GIRGULATING APPARATUS. N0. 306,865.

' Patented Oct. 21, 1884.

INVBNTOR:

BY m

WITNESSES Mwj ATTORNEYS.

N, PETERS Phalo-lilbograpber, Washinglon. D. C.

apparatus and attachments contrived accord- Nrrnn Snares Farenr @rricn.

REGHYALD MELVILL SANDYS, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

DlFFUSlNG, DEFECATING, AN'DCIRCULATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,865, dated October 21, 1884.

Application tiled December 6, 1883. Renewed September 19, 18154. (No modeli;

To all Mimi/1, [1; 727/661] concern.-

Be it known that I, REGINALD MELVILL SANDYs, of New Orleans, in the parish oi'Or leans and State of Louisiana, have invented a new and Improved Ditl'using, Del'ecating, and Circulating Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates. to apparatus t'orthe treatment of the tropical sugar-cane, the different varieties Qi'sorghum-cane, and the beetroot, and, in fact, to the extraction of juice from plants, for the treatment of the residues from the cane-mill known as bagasse, of which there are two kinds-cane-bagasse and sorghum bagasseand also for the treatment of the re.idue of beet-root known as pulp; and the said invention consists of improved arrangements of a system of defecating apparatus for charging the tanks with the material to be treated, means for heating the tanks, apparatus for etl'ecting the circulation of the liquors and introducing the deft-eating agent, and apparatus for examining theliquor during the operation, and contrivances for opening and closing the tanks to be filled and discharged and for filling the same, all as hereinafter fully described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part 01" this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure lis a plan view of a system of tanks with charging. heating, circulating, and other ing to my invention. Fig. 2 is aside elevation of the tanks and other apparatus represented in plan view'in 1. Fig. 3 is adetail of the circulating apparatus, showing a contrivance 0t 'asight-glass in the circulatingpipe for inspecting the liquor as it passes along the pipe. Fig. 4 is a detail of adevice for extracting samples ot'liquor from thecirculating pipe. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of one of the tanks and its attachments gn an enlarged scale. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of Fig. 5 on line a: w. Fig. 7 is a vertical section of Fig. 5 on the line 7 y. Fig. 8 is a detail of apparatus for suspending a perforated plate in the lower end of tank, for retaining the residue while the lower cover is being removed, and for discharging the said residue when the cover is opened. Fig. 9 is a plan view of said perforated plate. Fig. 10 isa detail of'a1. paratus ustd in opening and closing the covers. Fig. ll is a horizontal sectional elevation of the apparatus for introducing the defecating agent for agitating the same. Fig. 12 is a trarsvtrse sec ion of the apparatus represented in Fig. 11, taken on the line 2 z.

I arrange a series of tanks, a, preferably (f slightly-conical form, placed in any desirable position. ltachtank may haveasteanrjacket, b, so connected with a steam-supply by pipes 0, branches d. and cocks e that steam may be out off from any jacket at will, and each steamjacket is also similarly arranged for clearing it of condensed water by pipes f and cooks g.

The tanks are also connected by a pipe, 12, for

supplying the interior thereof with water, preferably warm water, and said pipe is also suitably arranged with cocks j and branch pipes i, for controlling the entry of waterinto any of the said tanks; and the said tanks at are also supplied with a circulating-pipe, k, connected to the tanks at the top by branches in and n and two-way cocks q. or any suitable arrangement ot' cocks for controlling and diverting the tlow of the liquor, and at the bottom by branches Z, to which are attached pumps t or other devices for passing the water or liquor from bottom to top of said tanks, thereby producing a circulation of the liquor in the interior ot' the tanks, said pumps 25 having pulleys u to drive them; and the said circulatingpipe 7c is so connected withpipes 0 by cocks s and branchesp that the liquor may be emptied at will from one vessel into any of the vessels, or it may be emptied into a receiving-tank through the branch cock .2.

I attach an agitator of any suitable kind and at any desirable point in my apparatus for maintaining the del'ecating agent in suspension when necessary. The said agitator may consist of the hollow cylinder 1;, reel to, with a pipe and cock, to, for the admission of air for displacement, and may be connected with a pipe andcock, y, so that the entry of the det'ecating agent into the liquor may be regulated. The agitator may have a lid, 10 Fig. 12, for refilling with the defecatiug or any suitable ageut, with a shaft that extends through the end of the cylinder. having a pulley, w,

driven by a belt. A steam-heater, d, of any approved construction, and having the necessary supply and disehargepipt-s, dc, and the necessary valves, may be connected to the pipe I: for heating the liquor during its circulat ion. A coil, a. may be a taclied to the cireulating-pipcls, or at any desirable point in the apparatus, said coil being surrounded with cold water. and provided with cot-ks, top and bottom, either or both, for extracting samples ol'the liquor tor the purpose of testing; and a sight-glass or other suitable device. I), is at tachcd to the apparatusat; any desirablep int where there is a circulation of liquor, for the purposeot'inspectingthesaidliquor. Thenip ple 0, connecting the lower end of this gage. extends to the liquor, and is beveled, as shown in Fig. 3, to catch the llowing liquor and cause a How through the sight-glass, thus exposing the liquor to view.

The tanks a haveapt-rl'oratedplate, f, near the bottom, and another, g, near the top, in side, between which the disintegrated mate rial is to be contined to strain the liquor and to protect the pipes from choking up by the said material. The upper plate, may be hinged, as at It. or in any other-suitable man- .ner, so as to open, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 7, when the tanks are to betillcd. with the material, and is shut down and lastened by slide-bolts d. The lower plate is hinged at 1", and suspended by a chain, j. 'trom a studpiu. It", or in any suitable manner, below the upper plate while work is in progrcss.

Above the series of tanks is a drum, 6. brake m, and crank handle m and a chain, it, to hook onto the chainj when the platej is to be lOWtl't d to discharge the contents of the tanks. The tanksa are also provided with removable end covers, 0 and 1), having packing-ringc let into annular rec sses, or any other suitable device, to pack against flanges s by screws t, the said covers being connected by these screws and by lugs a with a clamping-bar, 12', pivoted at one si..eol' the cover on a st nil-pin, t0, sup iorted on a bracket. :1", or any other device attached to the side of the tank. the said bars being supported at the other end on a curved track. y, by rollers to swing round with the covers. so as to open the tanks, and to return them in order to close the tanks totighten the lids against the flanges. the said screws being revolved so that they press against the cover, causing the cover in turn to press againstthe flange, the said clamping bar being held at one end by the st ud-pin 10 and at the other by the hook a on brackets b. The end of the screw t is so arranged, like the screw of a letter-copying press, that. by reversing the screw the cover can be lifted clear of the tlange.

The tanks are provided with a glass gage. e", S-lft%l' \"\tll\"(3 f vent cock g. and in practice a thermometer, all of which may bepiaeud in any desired position.

Fol charging the tanks or with the material to be treated, I provide a hopper, 11?, or any other device which may be of sullicient; eapacity to hold a charge for atank, the hopper being suspended on the carriage by wheels j. and the carriage in turn being placed on wheels 1; on the track 1". It so dcsircd, the hopper may be moved backward or forward along the track or revolved around the carriag at will. so as to direct the spout I. to ward any cl the tanks (I. The material to be treated may be carried into the hopper by an endless chain of buckets. or in any other suitable manner. The spout is suspended lrom the lower end of the hopper by hinges n", or by any other device, and is connterlmlanced by a weight, 0-, or any suitable device. that raises the delivery end of the spout clear of the top gear of the tanks when the spout is not discharging. but allowing the weight of the charge to drop the end of the spontdown toward the mouth of the tank. when the gate p at the bottom of the hopper is opened to let the charge fall Using any known delecating or purifying agent-such as the alkalies, lime. &c., or carbtr uates. or any other desirable agent-the mode ot'operation as follows: Fill the tanks 1 between the pertorated plates f and g with the material to be treated. To the first of the series add water (water heated to (50 centigrade prct'erred) in quantity as may be desired, opening at the same time the vent-cock g" at the top. vent cock. and set the circulating pump in motion as long as considered desirable. adding a deft e ding or other suitable agent in sut'tieient quantity, it' required, by means of the agilatr'hen this operation is completcd. which tol. may be determined by tests made cl 1 hejuice taken through the coil (1'. pass the liquor or juice from the first, intothe second tank by the circulat ing-pnmp or other device, and add water again to the irst, and repcatthe operation; pass the liquor from the second to the third tank, and from the first to the second, and so on, maintaining the liquors at any desired temperature by means ol'the heat er d'orstwnu jacket I). or by both, it' desired. \Vhen the last 'rcssel ol'the series is r: ached, I prci'er to increase the heat of the liquor inside that vesstd, in order to precipitate all the pretipitable matter possible, without decrea ing the purity of the liquor, and adding a suitable amount of dt-t'ecatiing agent, it required. All this can be determined by testing the liquor from time to time. Then empty the said liquor into suitable tanks suitably connected to the discharging-cock The first tank then contains material that has undergone eight washings, it'eight vessels have been used; butit may not always be considered necessary to wash the material the same number of times as the number ottanks used.

I may preier to operate this apparatus with the circulating device, and without the use of any chemical agent or without the application of heat.

I am aware that it is not new, broadly, to

\Vhcn sn l'l'icienl ly t'ull ol' wal er. shut the access :i

employ a series of tanks connected to a com- I pipes in a, andat the bottom by pipes Z, the

mon circulating-pipe adapted to effect. the action of any two or more of the tanks at the same or difi'ercnt times; to employ in connection with the tanks reheating devices; to feed the material to the tanks by a chute depending from an open receptacle adapted to permit the shitting or moving of the chute so as to direct the material into the desired tank, and toemploy a top and a bottom diaphragm, the former being removable.

Havingthusdescribed my invention, I claim as new and desi reto secure by Letters Pa-tent- 1. The combination, with the series of tanks a and the circnlating-pipes and branches connecting them, of the agitator c a" between each tank, substantially as described.

2; The sight-tube, in combination with each tank. substantially as described.

3. The sampling-roll contrived with each tank, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the tank a, of the heater d, with a pipe passing tortuously t r nigh it, and connected to and intermedia ely between sections of the pipe connected by pipe-connections to the top and bot om of the tank, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

' 5. The combination; with the tanks a. of the circulating pipe 0, connected bybranch pipes 19 to pipes/t, having cocks, and connected to said tanks by branch pipes m n, havingcocks, substantially as and forthe purpose sett'orth.

6. The cbmbination, with the tanks a, of the circulating-pipe 0, connected by branch pipes 19 to pipes Ir, having cocks, and connected to said tanks at the top by branch pipes in it, having cocks, and to thebottom of said tanks by pipes Z, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with the tanks a, of the circulating-pipe 0, connected by branch pipes p to pipes It, having cocks, and connected to said tanks at the top by branch pipes m a, having cocks, and to the bottom of said tanks by pipes l, having pumps t, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with the tanks at, having the surrounding steam-jackets b, of the continuous pipef, connected to saidjackets by pipes having cocks, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination, with the tanks a, having the surrounding steam-jackets b, of the continuous pipes f and 0, connected to said jackets by pipes (Z and g, having cocks, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

1(). The com bination, with the tanks (1, ot'the pipes 70, connected thereto at-the top by branch pipes m 71, and at the bottom by the pipes l, and agitators c it", having pipes and cooks 7127, connected to pipes Z. substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. 11. The combination, with tanks (1, having the steanrja-ckets b, of the circulating-pipe 0, connected by branch pipes p to pipes 75, connected to the tanks at the top by the branch pipesf 0, connected to said steam-jackets by branch pipesgd. and water-pipes h connected by branch pipes i to the tanks a, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. The combination, with the tanks 0,0f the pipes Ir, connected thereto by branch pipes at n and pipes l, and having the liquid-viewing tubes 1), substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. The combination, wit h thetanks a, ot' the pipes It, connected thereto by the branch pipes at n and pipes Z, and the liquid-viewing tubes 1), with their lower ends provided with bevelended nipples 0' extending into the pipes is, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

l4. 'lhetanks (1. having pert'orated plates to be opened and closed t'orcharging and discharging the tanks. said plates being hinged, and the upper one having slitting bolts, and the lower one being suspended by a chain, substantially as described.

15. The combination of the chain-drum, brake, and crank for lowering the lower perforated plate. substantially as described.

16. The tanks a, having covers and being connected with clam ping-bars c, and provided with screws, the said bars being arranged on pivot-studs w and curved track r, and having retaininghooks ad, or other suitable device, substantially as described.

17. The tanks a, having covers and being connected with clamping-bars c, and provided with screws t, said bars being arranged on pivot-studs'w, and having rolls .2, traveling upon a curved track. 3 and having retaining hooks a". su stantialiy as and for the purpose set forth.

18. The hopper h", having the counterbalanced hinged chute l, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

19. Thehopperh, havingthe chutel hinged at its upper rear edge to the lower rear edge of said hopper, and provided at its rear end with a conntcrbalancingweight, o substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

20. The hopper Ir, having the hinged bottom p and the hinged couterbalanced chute Z, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

21. The traveling hopper h, having the hinged counterbalanced chute and the hinged bottom, in combination with the tanks (1, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

22. The combination, in a diffusing. defecating, and circulating apparatus, consisting,

essentially, of a series of tanks, c, with heating apparatus and circulatingpipes. of apump connected with the .circulating'pipes betweeneach of the tanks, to produce the circulation -1 i-nmees ear-ting, and circulating apparatus. of the eirenlnting-pipe c. eonneeted t0 the siennrjnekels 1) oi" the tanks. and the additional eirenlnting-pipe 0, with the tanks a, and eirenlnting-pipe lc, connected to the tanks by hrnneh pipes m '21. and to the pipe 0 by brnneh pipes p and cock 3, substantially as nnd for the purpose set; forth.

25. The tanks (1, hnvingr perforated plates f and 1 in combination with removable covers, said p ates being arranged on hinges. nnd the upper plate having sliding bolts and lhelower pinto being snsprnided by n ehnin, iii'ihsi'nntinlly as described.

2(5. The tank-covers having packing-rings provided with n ehnnpineserew, '1", said here being arranged on piroixstnds in and rails 1 by which it is suspended from the elevated true I 1'3", suhstziniinlly as described.

REGINALD iliilhllhh SANIHS.

lr'ii nesses:

\V. W. HEIM, J. N. LYMAN. 

